Nearly 7 million Americans are affected by Alzheimer’s disease, a specific type of dementia. A recent study published in The Lancet has identified two new modifiable risk factors for dementia: vision loss and high cholesterol. Researchers emphasize the importance of these findings for potential prevention as the global prevalence of dementia continues to rise.
Vision Loss and High Cholesterol
Considerable new evidence supports adding vision loss and high cholesterol to the existing list of 12 potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia. The study suggests that early detection and treatment of high cholesterol, particularly from midlife, could reduce the risk of developing dementia. Similarly, ensuring accessible vision loss screening and treatment can also play a crucial role in preventing this condition.
Prevention Strategies for Modifiable Risk Factors
The study authors propose specific guidance for the prevention of these and other identified risk factors. For example, they recommend making hearing aids accessible and reducing harmful noise exposure to address hearing loss. To prevent head injuries, they advise wearing helmets during contact sports and bicycling. Promoting quality education and cognitive-stimulating activities in midlife can help maintain brain health.
The Impact of Air Pollution
Air pollution has emerged as a lesser-known but significant risk factor for dementia. Wildfires and poor air quality have been increasingly linked to cognitive decline. Recent research suggests that exposure to wildfire smoke could raise the risk of being diagnosed with dementia. This underscores the need for mitigating environmental hazards and fostering resilient communities.
Rebecca Edelmayer, vice president of scientific engagement for the Alzheimer’s Association, explains that these findings are an ‘important piece of the puzzle’ in understanding the diverse factors influencing brain health and cognitive decline. Addressing these modifiable risk factors through informed policy and lifestyle choices can significantly impact global dementia rates.